A draft phased assembly of the diploid Cascade hop ( <i>Humulus lupulus</i> ) genome

Hop (Humulus lupulus L. var Lupulus) is a diploid, dioecious plant with history of cultivation spanning more than one thousand years. cones are valued for their use in brewing and contain compounds therapeutic interest including xanthohumol. Efforts to determine how biochemical pathways responsible desirable traits regulated have been challenged by the large (2.8 Gb), repetitive, heterozygous genome hop. We present draft haplotype-phased assembly Cascade cultivar genome. Our annotation most extensive representation hop date. PacBio long-read sequences from were assembled FALCON partially phased FALCON-Unzip. Comparative analysis haplotype provides insight into selective pressures that driven evolution discovered genes greater sequence divergence enriched stress-response, growth, flowering functions assembly. With improved resolution long terminal retrotransposons (LTRs) due sequencing, we found over 70% repetitive. identified homolog cannabidiolic acid synthase (CBDAS) expressed multiple tissues. The approaches developed analyze serve deepen our understanding genomic landscape may broader applicability study other large, complex genomes.